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VMS Help PIPE, Parameters *Conan The Librarian |
command-sequence
A DCL command, a pipeline, or a subshell:
o DCL command
A DCL command string, which can include qualifiers,
parameters, keywords, and values.
o Pipeline
A pipeline is a sequence of pipeline-segment commands
connected by pipes, represented by the vertical-bar (|)
separator. A pipeline-segment command is a DCL command that
appears in a pipeline. The pipe connects the SYS$OUTPUT of one
pipeline-segment command to the SYS$INPUT of the next command.
The format of a pipeline is as follows:
pipeline-segment-command | pipeline-segment-command [|...]
o Subshell
A subshell is one or more command sequences separated by
separators and enclosed in parentheses. The format of a
subshell is as follows:
(command-sequence [separator command-sequence]...)
Input/output redirection is allowed in a command sequence. The
command before an angle bracket (> or <) redefines its SYS$INPUT,
SYS$OUTPUT, or SYS$ERROR during execution. You cannot use angle
brackets (<>) to represent a directory specification in a PIPE
command because the PIPE command interprets angle brackets as
input/output redirection syntax.
separator
Determines the processing action of the command sequences
specified in a PIPE command. The valid PIPE separators are
described in the following table.
Separator Action
| Key pipe separator. The pipe connects the SYS$OUTPUT of
one pipeline-segment command to the SYS$INPUT of the
next command.
; Sequential execution. The command sequence following
the semicolon (;) is executed after the preceding
command sequence is completed. You must precede
this separator with a blank space; otherwise, it is
parsed as the Record Management System (RMS) file
specification version number delimiter.
&& Conditional execution (upon success). The command
sequence following the double ampersand (&&) is
executed only if the preceding command sequence
succeeds.
|| Conditional execution (upon failure). The command
sequence following the double vertical bar (||) is
executed only if the preceding command sequence fails.
& Background execution. All command sequences that
precede the ampersand (&) are executed asynchronously
in a subprocess environment. The & separator is similar
to the SPAWN/NOWAIT command.
Note: Any ampersand that precedes a character string
without spaces in between is parsed as a conventional
DCL symbol substitution expression rather than the
background execution syntax.
@TEE Command file, TEE.COM. Used for redirecting output to
two targets (for example, one output is directed to
the next stage in pipeline, and the other to a file).
See the Examples section for an example of how to use
TEE.COM.
In a PIPE command line, the "&" has the highest precedence,
followed by "|", ";", "&&", and "||", which have equal
precedence.
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